AI agents

Ten agents, a twin and an orchestrator. Each one bounded.

Every Waferira agent owns a module or a function of the fab, a declared tool set, the signals it watches and the recipes it is allowed to move. Five of them ship as named products. The orchestrator plans, arbitrates and routes approvals; none of them acts outside the policy engine or the qualified recipe window.

10 agents · 1 twin · 1 orchestratorBounded tool setsEvery action logged

run_7b2e9c · agent graph · module M2 · scenario 10 nodes · 1 approval gate
01 · orchestrator ingest.lot ✓ SUCCEEDED 02 · fabtwin twin.simulate ✓ SUCCEEDED 03 · litho_overlay litho.correctables ✓ SUCCEEDED 04 · etch_depo etch.uniformity ✓ SUCCEEDED 05 · cmp_implant cmp.removal ✓ SUCCEEDED 06 · defect_inspect inspect.classify ✓ SUCCEEDED 07 · metrology_vm vm.score ✓ SUCCEEDED 08 · orchestrator approve.human ◆ APPROVAL 09 · yield_dispatch dispatch.route ✓ SUCCEEDED 10 · quality_conf lot.release ✓ SUCCEEDED

Illustrative scenario: Module M2 · 300 mm · metal-1 · lot L-48213, one lot through metal-1, one approval gate

Agent roster

Ten agents, a twin and an orchestrator

Each agent owns a module or a function of the fab, a bounded tool set and a metric the fab already measures. They negotiate for shared tools and recipes through the orchestrator, never directly. Five of them ship as named products.

agent.litho_overlay · shipped as Lithera

Litho-and-Overlay

Photolithography, overlay, focus and dose, CD

Predicts overlay, CD and focus-dose response per scanner, reticle and layer from metrology and inline defect signals, and closes run-to-run control by writing corrected correctables and focus-dose recipes over SECS/GEM, with computational-lithography context for mask-aware moves.

secs.write_recipemetrology.read_overlayculitho.context

agent.etch_depo

Etch-and-Depo

Etch and deposition uniformity, rate, film properties

Controls etch and deposition uniformity, rate and film thickness, stress and composition across the wafer from tool-sensor and FDC signatures, with Vmetra's virtual metrology grounding every move and the fab twin validating it before the lot runs.

fdc.read_chambervm.predictsecs.write_recipe

agent.cmp_implant

CMP-and-Implant

CMP planarisation, implant dose and uniformity

Holds CMP removal rate, dishing and erosion and implant dose and uniformity within window, scoring excursion risk in real time from FDC signatures and virtual metrology and trimming recipes inside the qualified bounds.

fdc.read_platenvm.predictsecs.write_recipe

agent.clean_diffuse

Clean-and-Diffuse

Cleans, diffusion and thermal budget

Controls cleans, diffusion and thermal budget against the process window, tracking particle and chemistry signals and the energy, gas and chemical use the fab pays for at every step.

fdc.read_furnacechem.read_bathsecs.write_recipe

agent.defect_inspect · shipped as Scanira

Defect-and-Inspect

Defect classification, particles, reticle excursions

Fuses inline optical, e-beam and SEM imagery at the tool edge to classify and predict defects, particles and yield-limiting excursions, auto-dispositions nuisance against killer defects, triages reticle and pattern excursions and raises inline holds.

vision.streamdefect.classifyhold.raise

agent.metrology_vm · shipped as Vmetra

Metrology-and-Virtual

Virtual metrology, run-to-run and advanced process control

Predicts metrology for etch, deposition, CMP, implant, clean and diffusion on every wafer from tool-sensor and FDC signatures, scores excursion risk, decides which wafers go to physical metrology, and closes run-to-run APC by handing corrected recipes to the process agents.

vm.predictfdc.read_lotstepapc.update_model

agent.yield_dispatch · shipped as Dispira

Yield-and-Dispatch

Yield, WIP, scheduling, dispatch, cycle time

Re-optimises WIP, scheduling and dispatch under reticle, chamber, qualification, route and hot-lot constraints, weighting every move by live yield and excursion risk from Scanira and Vmetra, with the fab twin validating the plan before it commits.

cuopt.dispatchmes.read_wiptwin.validate

agent.robot_handling · shipped as Dispira

Robot-and-Handling

FOUP, AMHS and wafer handling

Drives FOUP and AMHS moves and wafer handling so lots arrive when the dispatch plan expects them, with motion perception and exception detection at the fab edge and handling validated in simulation before it touches a carrier.

amhs.moveisaac.plan_pathstocker.read

agent.quality_conf

Quality-and-Conformance

Excursion response, non-conformance, wafer and lot genealogy

Runs excursion response and OCAP linkage, non-conformance and wafer and lot genealogy, gates lot release against the layer spec and assembles the traceability record every action on the lot has to leave behind.

mes.log_lotocap.linkaudit.write

agent.fab_knowledge

Fab-Knowledge

Recipes, integration specs, SEMI standards, OCAPs, engineer Q&A

Answers process-integration and yield questions from recipes, integration specs, SEMI standards and excursion and OCAP procedures, with every answer cited to its source and retrieval scoped to the tenant.

rag.retrievesemi.citeocap.lookup

twin.fabtwin · shipped as Fabtwin

Fab Twin

As-run wafer and fab twin, process and flow

Fuses process (litho, etch, deposition, CMP, implant, thermal) and flow (WIP, tools, AMHS, routes) into an Omniverse-based twin that simulates candidate recipes, correctables, WIP and dispatch moves, as-run against as-designed, and returns the predicted yield, uniformity and cycle time before the lot runs.

twin.simulatetwin.compare_asruntwin.validate

agent.orchestrator

Fab Orchestrator

Planning, arbitration, human approval

Plans the run, arbitrates between agents competing for the same tool or recipe, enforces the autonomy level, recipe bounds and tool-state checks, and routes anything outside the qualified window to a named approver.

plan.composepolicy.evaluateapproval.request
Agent by agent

What each agent watches, moves and measures

No agent moves a recipe it has not declared. The metric column is what a pilot on that agent would measure against the fab's baseline.

agent.litho_overlay

Litho-and-Overlay

Predicts overlay, CD and focus-dose response per scanner, reticle and layer from metrology and inline defect signals, and closes run-to-run control by writing corrected correctables and focus-dose recipes over SECS/GEM, with computational-lithography context for mask-aware moves.

Shipped as Lithera.

secs.write_recipemetrology.read_overlayculitho.context
Photolithography, overlay, focus and dose, CD SUCCEEDED
Litho-and-Overlay: signals, moves, metric
WatchesOverlay residuals, CD, focus-exposure matrix, scanner and reticle state, Scanira defect signals
MovesPer-field correctables and focus-dose recipes, inside the qualified window
MetricFirst metric on a pilot cell: overlay and CD capability, lot scrap at litho
agent.etch_depo

Etch-and-Depo

Controls etch and deposition uniformity, rate and film thickness, stress and composition across the wafer from tool-sensor and FDC signatures, with Vmetra's virtual metrology grounding every move and the fab twin validating it before the lot runs.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

fdc.read_chambervm.predictsecs.write_recipe
Etch and deposition uniformity, rate, film properties SUCCEEDED
Etch-and-Depo: signals, moves, metric
WatchesChamber FDC traces, virtual film thickness and uniformity, rate drift between physical measurements
MovesPressure, RF, gas and time trims within the qualified recipe window
MetricMeasured as uniformity excursions caught before physical metrology
agent.cmp_implant

CMP-and-Implant

Holds CMP removal rate, dishing and erosion and implant dose and uniformity within window, scoring excursion risk in real time from FDC signatures and virtual metrology and trimming recipes inside the qualified bounds.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

fdc.read_platenvm.predictsecs.write_recipe
CMP planarisation, implant dose and uniformity SUCCEEDED
CMP-and-Implant: signals, moves, metric
WatchesRemoval rate, downforce and platen telemetry, implant dose and beam state, virtual thickness
MovesDownforce, platen speed, slurry and polish-time trims; implant dose correction within window
MetricMeasured as post-CMP thickness variance and dishing against baseline
agent.clean_diffuse

Clean-and-Diffuse

Controls cleans, diffusion and thermal budget against the process window, tracking particle and chemistry signals and the energy, gas and chemical use the fab pays for at every step.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

fdc.read_furnacechem.read_bathsecs.write_recipe
Cleans, diffusion and thermal budget SUCCEEDED
Clean-and-Diffuse: signals, moves, metric
WatchesFurnace and bath telemetry, particle counts after clean, thermal budget per lot
MovesTime, temperature and chemistry trims within the qualified window
MetricMeasured as thermal-budget and particle excursions and chemical use per wafer
agent.defect_inspect

Defect-and-Inspect

Fuses inline optical, e-beam and SEM imagery at the tool edge to classify and predict defects, particles and yield-limiting excursions, auto-dispositions nuisance against killer defects, triages reticle and pattern excursions and raises inline holds.

Shipped as Scanira.

vision.streamdefect.classifyhold.raise
Defect classification, particles, reticle excursions SUCCEEDED
Defect-and-Inspect: signals, moves, metric
WatchesInline optical, e-beam and SEM imagery, reticle repeater signatures, particle events
MovesNothing directly: it dispositions, raises holds and routes classified signals to the control and dispatch agents
MetricFirst metric on a pilot cell: review load and scrap reduction, excursion catch rate
agent.metrology_vm

Metrology-and-Virtual

Predicts metrology for etch, deposition, CMP, implant, clean and diffusion on every wafer from tool-sensor and FDC signatures, scores excursion risk, decides which wafers go to physical metrology, and closes run-to-run APC by handing corrected recipes to the process agents.

Shipped as Vmetra.

vm.predictfdc.read_lotstepapc.update_model
Virtual metrology, run-to-run and advanced process control SUCCEEDED
Metrology-and-Virtual: signals, moves, metric
WatchesTool-sensor and FDC signatures on every wafer, physical metrology where sampled, model drift
MovesAPC model updates and corrected recipes handed to the process agents; metrology sampling plan
MetricFirst metric on a pilot module: metrology-sampling reduction and excursion catch rate
agent.yield_dispatch

Yield-and-Dispatch

Re-optimises WIP, scheduling and dispatch under reticle, chamber, qualification, route and hot-lot constraints, weighting every move by live yield and excursion risk from Scanira and Vmetra, with the fab twin validating the plan before it commits.

Shipped as Dispira.

cuopt.dispatchmes.read_wiptwin.validate
Yield, WIP, scheduling, dispatch, cycle time SUCCEEDED
Yield-and-Dispatch: signals, moves, metric
WatchesWIP by step, tool and chamber state, reticle availability, queue and cycle-time targets, yield risk per lot
MovesDispatch lists and lot routing to qualified chambers, re-optimised every few minutes
MetricFirst metric: cycle time and on-time delivery in one fab area
agent.robot_handling

Robot-and-Handling

Drives FOUP and AMHS moves and wafer handling so lots arrive when the dispatch plan expects them, with motion perception and exception detection at the fab edge and handling validated in simulation before it touches a carrier.

Shipped as Dispira.

amhs.moveisaac.plan_pathstocker.read
FOUP, AMHS and wafer handling SUCCEEDED
Robot-and-Handling: signals, moves, metric
WatchesStocker and vehicle state, carrier position, handling exceptions
MovesFOUP moves, stocker retrieval, handling sequences
MetricMeasured as transport delay and handling exceptions per thousand moves
agent.quality_conf

Quality-and-Conformance

Runs excursion response and OCAP linkage, non-conformance and wafer and lot genealogy, gates lot release against the layer spec and assembles the traceability record every action on the lot has to leave behind.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

mes.log_lotocap.linkaudit.write
Excursion response, non-conformance, wafer and lot genealogy SUCCEEDED
Quality-and-Conformance: signals, moves, metric
WatchesEvery recipe move, correctable, VM score, defect disposition and approval on the lot
MovesHold, release and non-conformance decisions
MetricMeasured as genealogy completeness and excursion-response cycle time
agent.fab_knowledge

Fab-Knowledge

Answers process-integration and yield questions from recipes, integration specs, SEMI standards and excursion and OCAP procedures, with every answer cited to its source and retrieval scoped to the tenant.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

rag.retrievesemi.citeocap.lookup
Recipes, integration specs, SEMI standards, OCAPs, engineer Q&A SUCCEEDED
Fab-Knowledge: signals, moves, metric
WatchesProcess recipes, integration specs, SEMI standards, OCAP procedures, excursion history
MovesNothing. It informs engineers and the other agents and cites what it used
MetricMeasured as citation coverage on every answer
twin.fabtwin

Fab Twin

Fuses process (litho, etch, deposition, CMP, implant, thermal) and flow (WIP, tools, AMHS, routes) into an Omniverse-based twin that simulates candidate recipes, correctables, WIP and dispatch moves, as-run against as-designed, and returns the predicted yield, uniformity and cycle time before the lot runs.

Shipped as Fabtwin.

twin.simulatetwin.compare_asruntwin.validate
As-run wafer and fab twin, process and flow SUCCEEDED

As-run wafer and fab twin, process and flow.

agent.orchestrator

Fab Orchestrator

Plans the run, arbitrates between agents competing for the same tool or recipe, enforces the autonomy level, recipe bounds and tool-state checks, and routes anything outside the qualified window to a named approver.

Part of the platform, included in the Fab tier.

plan.composepolicy.evaluateapproval.request
Planning, arbitration, human approval SUCCEEDED

Planning, arbitration, human approval.

Run timeline · scenario

One scenario run, step by step

Every Waferira run is an ordered, inspectable sequence. This is run_7b2e9c on Module M2 · 300 mm · metal-1 · lot L-48213. Scenario completes in 10 steps with one approval gate. Overlay and CD predicted inside spec, one reticle-repeater signature caught and held for review, dispatch re-optimised, lot released with full genealogy.

run_7b2e9c Module M2 · 300 mm · metal-1 · lot L-48213 illustrative scenario SUCCEEDED
  1. 01 ingest.lot SUCCEEDED 0.7 s

    Fab Orchestrator · Pulled lot L-48213 from fab MES: 25 wafers, 300 mm, metal-1 layer, route, reticle, overlay and CD spec and the standing cycle-time target. Locked the target envelope for the run.

  2. 02 twin.simulate SUCCEEDED 38 s

    Fab Twin · Simulated 64 candidate correctable, recipe and dispatch sets on the as-run fab twin and ranked them on predicted overlay residual, CD uniformity, excursion risk and cycle time.

  3. 03 litho.correctables SUCCEEDED 1 m 20 s

    Litho-and-Overlay · Per-field overlay correctables and a focus-dose trim written to scanner SCN-07 over SECS/GEM after the previous lot's residual trended toward the control limit. Predicted overlay residual back inside spec.

  4. 04 etch.uniformity SUCCEEDED 58 s

    Etch-and-Depo · Chamber B on etcher ETCH-12 showed an edge-fast uniformity drift in FDC. Pressure and RF trims written within the qualified recipe window; predicted CD uniformity recovered.

  5. 05 cmp.removal SUCCEEDED 46 s

    CMP-and-Implant · Downforce and platen-speed trim on CMP-03 against the virtual removal-rate estimate to hold post-CMP thickness and dishing inside the window.

  6. 06 inspect.classify SUCCEEDED continuous

    Defect-and-Inspect · Inline optical, e-beam review and SEM imagery fused at the tool edge. 1,412 events classified, most dispositioned nuisance; one reticle-repeater signature on three dies flagged for review.

  7. 07 vm.score SUCCEEDED 2.1 s

    Metrology-and-Virtual · Virtual metrology scored every wafer at post-etch and post-CMP from tool-sensor and FDC signatures. Two wafers routed to physical metrology on predicted variance; the rest sampled at plan.

  8. 08 approve.human APPROVAL 1 m 04 s

    Fab Orchestrator · The reticle-repeater signature called for a reticle inspection hold and a recipe move outside the qualified window. Held for the module process engineer and approved at 03:14:27.

  9. 09 dispatch.route SUCCEEDED 4.3 s

    Yield-and-Dispatch · Dispatch re-optimised across 1,840 lots in WIP under reticle, chamber and qualification constraints. The lot routed to the qualified chamber with the shortest predicted queue; AMHS move issued to the stocker.

  10. 10 lot.release SUCCEEDED 1 m 05 s

    Quality-and-Conformance · Lot L-48213 moved on: genealogy written (recipe moves, correctables, FDC signatures, VM scores, defect map, approvals) and checked against the layer spec.

Multi-agent handoff

Agents negotiate, they do not collide

Two agents will want the same chamber or the same lot. The orchestrator arbitrates on the run goal, not on who asked first, and the handoff is logged like any other step.

Contested move: ETCH-12 chamber B

  1. 01yield_dispatch.request(route L-48213 → ETCH-12/B) SUCCEEDED0.2 s

    Yield-and-Dispatch wants chamber B for lot L-48213 because it has the shortest predicted queue and the lot is on cycle-time watch.

  2. 02etch_depo.request(hold ETCH-12/B, trim) SUCCEEDED0.2 s

    Etch-and-Depo wants chamber B held for one lot to write a pressure and RF trim after FDC showed an edge-fast uniformity drift.

  3. 03orchestrator.arbitrate SUCCEEDED0.4 s

    A uniformity excursion on 25 wafers outranks minutes of queue time under the run goal "no excursion past metrology". Etch-and-Depo holds the chamber for one trim cycle.

  4. 04yield_dispatch.handoff(returned) SUCCEEDED58 s

    Chamber returned with the trim written and predicted uniformity recovered. Dispatch routes the lot in; the twin confirms the cycle-time target still holds.

Illustrative scenario.

Arbitration rules

  • Run goal first. Every request is scored against the declared goal, not the requesting agent's local objective.
  • Yield and excursion outrank cycle time. A scrapped lot costs more than minutes in a queue.
  • Time-boxed ownership. An agent holds a contested chamber or recipe for a bounded window, then must re-justify.
  • Everything is logged. The losing request, the score and the reason all appear in the run record.
  • Deadlocks escalate to a human rather than resolving by timeout.

See the agent roster

Autonomy

Four levels, set per agent and per tool

A fab does not go from manual APC to unattended control in one step. Waferira makes the level explicit, auditable and reversible at any time. The first release runs shadow mode, then assist mode, then graduated autonomy for low-risk APC, defect and metrology loops.

Autonomy levels and the human role at each
LevelWhat the agent doesWhat the human doesWhere it sits in a pilot
L1 · AdvisoryRecommends recipe moves, dispositions and dispatch, with citationsEnters every change manuallyShadow mode, first on the design-partner cell
L2 · SupervisedProposes a recipe write or hold; it executes on approvalApproves each move in the review consoleAssist mode, where accuracy and ROI are proven
L3 · BoundedWrites inside the qualified recipe window, tool-state checks and OCAP linkageApproves holds, out-of-window moves and lot releaseGraduated autonomy for low-risk APC, defect and metrology loops
L4 · Qualified loopsRuns a qualified loop without prompting, inside its envelopeSets the envelope; reviews the shift recordPlanned; reserved for loops the fab has qualified
Guardrails

An agent that can move a recipe needs a leash

Waferira writes to production tools over SECS/GEM. Every capability is scoped to a qualified recipe window, every write is policy-checked against tool state, and every action is written to an append-only, IP-isolated audit log the fab owns.

  • Recipe bounds. Each agent writes only inside the qualified recipe window for that tool, with explicit per-parameter limits.
  • Policy and tool-state checks before every write. Autonomy level, tool state, qualification, interlocks and shift are evaluated before a recipe moves.
  • Human-in-the-loop gates. Holds, out-of-window moves and lot release wait for a named approver, with OCAP linkage on every excursion.
  • Immutable, IP-isolated audit log. Append-only and exportable. Every action records source signals, retrieved procedures with citations, predicted impact, allowed range, rollback condition, approver and lot scope.
  • Rollback. Declared rollback conditions return a recipe to its previous qualified version; loss of the edge node leaves the tool on its own controller and recipe.
  • Tenant and IP isolation. Recipes, device designs, defect libraries and process memory never cross a customer boundary. Inference and feature storage stay at the fab edge; an on-prem control plane is available for IP-sensitive fabs.

Compliance posture

Compliance and certification status
ItemScopeStatus
SOC 2 Type I and fab-security reviewControl plane QUEUED Planned, first 6 months
SOC 2 Type IIControl plane QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months
SSO and RBACConsole and approvals QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months
IP-isolation and security assurance packageFab security and IT and OT review QUEUED Planned, 6 to 12 months
SEMI-standards-cited reasoningRecipes, integration specs, OCAPs RUNNING In the design, every answer cites its source
Per-tenant IP isolationData, models, memory RUNNING In the design from day one
On-prem and fab-edge deploymentIP-sensitive fabs RUNNING Design option

Read the security overview

FAQ

Straight answers

The questions fab directors and process engineers ask in the first meeting.

Yes, over SECS/GEM, but only inside the qualified recipe window for that tool, with per-parameter limits and tool-state checks, and only at the autonomy level your fab has set. Level 1 is advisory: Waferira recommends and an engineer enters everything. Design partners start there, in shadow mode.

Get started

Put one agent on one module

Start with one process module or tool fleet and one measurable baseline. A paid, IP-isolated pilot on defect classification, virtual-metrology-driven overlay and CD control or uniformity APC shows the number before you commit further.